Definition: Training as a part of innovation activity

Category: R & D - Oslo Manual

Training is a TPP innovation activity when it is required for the implementation of a technologically new or improved product or process, for example in order for production workers to be able to identify the desired consistency of a new type of yoghurt in a food factory, for a marketing manager to understand the characteristics of the improved braking system on a new model of car in order to prepare the market launch, or for staff to be able to use different Windows programs after the introduction of a Windows-based PC network in the firm.

Training in a firm is not a TPP innovation activity when it is undertaken solely in connection with "organisational innovation" or "other creative product improvement", or when it is not oriented towards a specific improvement in productivity at the level of the firm.  For example, the following are not TPP innovation activities: training in existing production methods for new employees, general upgrading training for individuals (supervisors, managers, etc.), ongoing computer training, language classes.
Source:
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and Statistical Office of the European Communities (Eurostat), "The measurement of scientific and technological activities: proposed guidelines for collecting and interpreting technological innovation data: Oslo manual)", Paris, 1997, p. 61
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